ABSTRACT
Both feature representation and classifier performance are important factors that determine the performance of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems. In order to improve the performance of ultrasound-based CAD for breast cancers, a novel multiple empirical kernel mapping (MEKM) exclusivity regularized machine (ERM) ensemble classifier algorithm based on self-paced learning (SPL) is proposed, which simultaneously promotes the performance of both feature representation and the classifier. The proposed algorithm first generates multiple groups of features by MEKM to enhance the ability of feature representation, which also work as the kernel transform in multiple support vector machines embedded in ERM. The SPL strategy is then adopted to adaptively select samples from easy to hard so as to gradually train the ERM classifier model with improved performance. This algorithm is verified on a B-mode ultrasound dataset and an elastography ultrasound dataset, respectively. The results show that the classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity on B-mode ultrasound are (86.36±6.45)%, (88.15±7.12)%, and (84.52±9.38)%, respectively, and the classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity on elastography ultrasound are (85.97±3.75)%, (85.93±6.09)%, and (86.03±5.88)%, respectively. It indicates that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the performance of ultrasound-based CAD for breast cancers with the potential for application.
Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Computers , Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted , Support Vector Machine , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of portal 125I seed stent implantation combined with doxorubicin-eluting beads transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with main portal vein tumor thrombus (MPVTF).Methods Prospective single-arm study was designed.Seven HCC patients with MPVTT were sequentially enrolled in this study to receive treatment.Portal pressure before and after portal vein stent implantation were determined,the liver function were tested before and 1-3 days,4 days,5-7 days after portal vein stent implantation,the results and the postoperative complications were analyzed.Results All 7 patients were in BCLC-C stage,with Child-Pugh classification being A-B level.All patients were diagnosed as massive type HCC complicated by portal vein tumor thrombus.The lesions were located in hepatic left lobe (n=l) and hepatic right lobe (n=6),tumor thrombus in left branch of portal vein was seen in one patient and tumor thrombus in right branch of portal vein was found in 6 patients,MPVTT was observed in all 7 patients.Portal 125I seed stent implantation plus DEB-TACE was successfully accomplished in all 7 patients.The portal pressure before and after stent implantation was 15.3 cmH2O and 10.2 cmH2O respectively,the postoperative pressure showed an obvious reduction.After stent implantation,a transient elevation of the serum total bilirubin (TB),alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) could be observed,which gradually decreased in 3-4 days;the recovery of TB level was slower than that of ALT and AST levels.Two patients had concomitant myocardial damage,which was gradually recovered in 2-3 days.Conclusion For the treatment of HCC associated with MPVTT,portal 125I seed stent implantation plus DEB-TACE is safe and feasible,although its long-term curative effect needs to be further clarified.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the relationship between the inhibitory effects of Tongxie Yaofang, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on the contraction of the colonic smooth muscle isolated from rats and calcium mobilization. Methods: By measuring the tension of the isolated colonic smooth muscle strips, the inhibitory effects of Tongxie Yaofang on the contraction induced by acetylcholine (ACh), KCl and exhausting Ca(2+) of internal calcium store were assessed respectively. Results: Tongxie Yaofang could concentration-dependently inhibit the contraction of isolated rat colonic smooth muscle strips induced by KCl and exhausting the Ca(2+) of internal calcium store. Tongxie Yaofang could also inhibit the tension of the second contractile phase induced by ACh (P<0.01, vs control), but had no influence on the first contractile phase. Conclusion: Tongxie Yaofang can inhibit the contraction of isolated rat colonic smooth muscle strips mainly by preventing the influx of extracellular Ca(2+), which may be associated with blocking voltage-dependent channel, store-operated channel and receptor-operated channel, but not by preventing the release of internal Ca(2+) from calcium store.